كفايات استخدام الذَّكاء الاصطناعي لدى معلمات المرحلة الثانوية: رؤى في ضوء نموذج التقبل التكنولوجي (TAM)
الملخص
مع إدماج الذكاء الاصطناعي (AI) في التعليم حديثًا؛ يُعد فهم المتغيرات المتعلقة بمواقف المعلمين تجاهه أمرًا بالغ الأهمية لمعرفة وجهات نظرهم عن استخدام هذه التقنية في الفصل الدراسي؛ لذا هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى الكشف عن مستوى كفايات معلمات المرحلة الثانوية في استخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي، ومدى ارتباط هذه الكفايات بقبولهن لاستخدامه في ضوء نموذج قبول التقنية (TAM). وقد استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي الارتباطي؛ حيث طبّقت استبانة تقيس كفايات المعلمات في الذكاء الاصطناعي، وقبولهن له، وقد شارك في هذه الدراسة عينة قوامها (60) معلمة من معلمات الحاسب الآلي في المرحلة الثانوية. وكشفت نتائج الدراسة الميدانية أن مستوى كفايات المعلمات في الذكاء الاصطناعي كان بين الجيد والمتوسط في جميع الأبعاد السبعة، كما أظهرت النتائج مستوًى جيدًا من القبول العام لدى المعلمات في استخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي، وأسفرت النتائج كذلك عن وجود علاقة ارتباط موجبة قوية جدًّا بين مستوى الكفايات ومستوى القبول. وفي ضوء هذه النتائج أوصت الدراسة بعدد من التوصيات كان أهمها إدراج كفايات الذكاء الاصطناعي في برامج الإعداد والتطوير المهني للمعلمات؛ مع الاستفادة من المؤشرات التي خلصت بها الدراسة الحالية؛ لمتابعة مدى تحقق هذه الكفايات. واستثمار القبول الجيد لدى المعلمات في تخصيص أدوات ذكية بسيطة تتكامل مع أدوات التعلُّم الحالية بناءً على احتياجاتهن.
الكلمات المفتاحية: الذكاء الاصطناعي، قبول التقنية، كفايات الذكاء الاصطناعي.
الكلمات المفتاحية:

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مراجع
- المراجع العربية:
- الحكمانية، سهام خميس، ابراهيم، حسام الدين، عمار، محمد عيد. (2024). كفايات الذكاء الاصطناعي لدى المعلمين في بعض النماذج المعاصرة وإمكانية الإفادة منها بسلطنة عمان. دراسات عربية في التربية وعلم النفس، ١٥١(١)، 123-132.
- صعيدي، أسماء يحيى. (2025). اتجاهات تبنِّي الذكاء الاصطناعي في إدارة المعرفة: دراسة تحليلية باستخدام نموذج قبول التكنولوجيا TAM في المؤسسات السعودية وفق رؤية 2030. مجلة العلوم الاقتصادية والإدارية والقانونية، ٩(6)، 69-84.
- الضلعان، محمد صلال. (2024). مدى توافر الكفايات الرقمية للذكاء الاصطناعي لدى معلمي المرحلة الثانوية بمنطقة الحدود الشمالية. مجلة کلية التربية بالمنصورة، 126(1)، 661-692.
- المركز الوطني للتعليم الإلكتروني. (٢٠٢٥). كفــــايات استــــخدام الذكــاء الاصطناعي في التعليم. https://nelc.gov.sa/node/3117
- المراجع الأجنبية:
- Aaejandro, I. M. V., Sanchez, J. M. P., Sumalinog, G. G., Mananay, J. A., Goles, C. E., & Fernandez, C. B. (2024). Pre-service teachers’ technology acceptance of artificial intelligence (AI) applications in education. STEM Education, 4(4), 445-465. https://doi.org/10.3934/steme.2024024
- Acosta-Enriquez, B. G., Farroñan, E. V. R., Zapata, L. I. V., Garcia, F. S. M., Rabanal-León, H. C., Angaspilco, J. E. M., & Bocanegra, J. C. S. (2024). Acceptance of artificial intelligence in university contexts: A conceptual analysis based on UTAUT2 theory. Heliyon, 10 (19), e38315. 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38315
- Al-Abdullatif, A. M. (2024). Modeling teachers’ acceptance of generative artificial intelligence use in higher education: the role of AI literacy, intelligent TPACK, and perceived trust. Education Sciences, 14(11), 1209. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14111209
- Amouri, H., Haroud, S., Ouchaouka, L., & Saqri, N. (2025). Acceptability of artificial intelligence in inclusive education: a TAM2-based study among preservice teachers. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, 8, 1616327. https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2025.1616327
- Ayanwale, M. A., Sanusi, I. T., Adelana, O. P., Aruleba, K. D., & Oyelere, S. S. (2022). Teachers’ readiness and intention to teach artificial intelligence in schools. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 3, 100099. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2022.100099
- Ayanwale, M. A., Adelana, O. P., & Odufuwa, T. T. (2024). Exploring STEAM teachers’ trust in AI-based educational technologies: A structural equation modelling approach. Discover education, 3(1), 44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-024-00092-z
- Banerjee, M., Chiew, D., Patel, K.T., Johns, I., Chappell, D., Linton, N., et al., .(2021). The impact of artificial intelligence on clinical education: Perceptions of postgraduate trainee doctors in London (UK) and recommendations for trainers. BMC Medical Education, 21(1), 429. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-021-02870-x
- Cabero-Almenara, J., Palacios-Rodríguez, A., Loaiza-Aguirre, M. I., & Rivas-Manzano, M. D. R. D. (2024). Acceptance of educational artificial intelligence by teachers and its relationship with some variables and pedagogical beliefs. Education Sciences, 14(7), 740. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14070740
- Chiu, T. K. (2022). School learning support for teacher technology integration from a self-determination theory perspective. Educational technology research and development, 70(3), 931-949. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-022-10096-x
- Chiu, T. K., Ahmad, Z., & Çoban, M. (2024). Development and validation of teacher artificial intelligence (AI) competence self-efficacy (TAICS) scale. Education and Information Technologies, 30(5), 6667-6685. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-13094-z
- Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.
- Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319-340. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008
- Delcker, J., Heil, J., & Ifenthaler, D. (2025). Evidence-based development of an instrument for the assessment of teachers’ self-perceptions of their artificial intelligence competence. Educational technology research and development, 73(1), 115-133. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-024-10418-1
- Directorate-General for Education, Youth, Sport and Culture (European Commission). (2022). Ethical guidelines on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and data in teaching and to for Educators. Publication Office of the European Union. https://doi.org/10.2766/153756
- Falloon, G. (2020). From digital literacy to digital competence: the teacher digital competency (TDC) framework. Educational technology research and development, 68(5), 2449-2472. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-020-09767-4
- Galindo-Domínguez, H., Delgado, N., Campo, L., & Losada, D. (2024). Relationship between teachers’ digital competence and attitudes towards artificial intelligence in education. International Journal of Educational Research, 126, 102381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2024.102381
- Granić, A., & Marangunić, N. (2019). Technology acceptance model in educational context: A systematic literature review. British Journal of Educational Technology, 50(5), 2572–2593. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.12864
- International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE). (2017). ISTE Standards for educators. https://www.iste.org/standards/for-educators
- Kasinidou, M., Kleanthoys, S., & Otterbacher, J. (2025). Cypriot teachers’ digital skills and attitudes towards AI. Discover Education, 4(1), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-024-00390-6
- Kyrpa, A., Stepanenko, O., Zinchenko, V., Datsiuk, T., Karpan, I., & Tilniak, N. (2024). Artifcial intelligence tools in teaching social and humanitarian disciplines. Information Technologies and Learning Tools, 100(2), 162–179. https://doi.org/10.33407/itlt.v100i2.5563
- Lin, T., Zhang, J., & Xiong, B. (2025). Effects of Technology Perceptions, Teacher Beliefs, and AI Literacy on AI Technology Adoption in Sustainable Mathematics Education. Sustainability, 17(8), 3698. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083698
- Long, D., & Magerko, B. (2020, April). What is AI literacy? Competencies and design considerations. In Proceedings of the 2020 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems (pp. 1–16). https://doi.org/10.1145/3313831.3376727
- Mayrell, D. (2025). Enhancing Educator AI Literacy for Effective Use of Large Language Models: Exploring Teacher Usage and Professional Development. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Louisiana at Monroe).
- Olagunju, F. B., & Charles, O. C. A. (2025). Integrating generative artificial intelligence in teacher education: Enhancing digital literacy, viewing and representing skills. IFJDX Journal Of Lacaning Technical University Natural Science Edition, 19(06), 90–99.
- UNESCO. (2021). AI and education: Guidance for policy-makers. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000376705
- UNESCO. (2023). Guidance for generative AI in education and research. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000386693
- UNESCO. (2024). AI Competency Framework for Teachers. Paris: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000387654
- Schiavo, G., Businaro, S., & Zancanaro, M. (2024). Comprehension, apprehension, and acceptance: Understanding the influence of literacy and anxiety on acceptance of artificial Intelligence. Technology in Society, 77, 102537. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2024.102537
- Silagan, B. L., & Tumapon, T. T. (2025). Technological Competence, Training and Support, Attitude Towards AI, and Teachers’ Acceptance. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 36(8), 941-964. https://doi.org/10.70838/PEMJ.360809
- Tondeur, J., Van Braak, J., Ertmer, P. A., & Ottenbreit-Leftwich, A. (2017). Understanding the relationship between teachers’ pedagogical beliefs and technology use in education: A systematic review of qualitative evidence. Educational technology research and development, 65(3), 555-575. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-016-9481-2
- Williamson, B., & Eynon, R. (2020). Historical threads, missing links, and future directions in AI in education. Learning, Media and Technology, 45(3), 223–235. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2020.1798995
- Xue, L., Ghazali, N., & Mahat, J. (2025). Artificial Intelligence (AI) Adoption among Teachers: A Systematic Review and Agenda for Future Research. International Journal of Technology in Educationm 8(3), 802-824. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijte.1191
- Yang, G., Ouyang, Y., Ye, Z., Gao, R., & Zeng, Y. (2022). Social-path embedding-based transformer for graduation development prediction. Applied Intelligence, 52(12), 14119-14136. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-022-03268-y
- Zhang, C., Schießl, J., Plößl, L., Hofmann, F., & Gläser-Zikuda, M. (2023). Acceptance of artifcial intelligence among pre-service teachers: A multigroup analysis. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 20(1), 49. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-023-00420-7
- رومنة المراجع العربية:
- Al-Dalaan, M. (2024). The extent of the availability of digital competencies for artificial intelligence among secondary school teachers in the Northern Borders Region. Journal of the Faculty of Education Mansoura, 126(1), 661-692.
- Al-Hakmaniyah, S. k., Ibrahim, H. E., &Ammar, M. E. (2024). Artificial intelligence competencies among teachers in some contemporary models and the possibility of benefiting from them in the Sultanate of Oman. Arab Studies in Education and Psychology. 151(1), 123-132.
- National Center for E-Learning. (2025). Competencies of Using Artificial Intelligence in Education. https://nelc.gov.sa/node/3117.
- Saeede, A. Y. (2025). Trends in the Adoption of Artificial Intelligence in Knowledge Management: An Analytical Study Using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) in Saudi Organizations in Line with Vision 2030. Journal of Economic Administrative and Legal Sciences, 9(6), 69-84.
مراجع
المراجع العربية:
الحكمانية، سهام خميس، ابراهيم، حسام الدين، عمار، محمد عيد. (2024). كفايات الذكاء الاصطناعي لدى المعلمين في بعض النماذج المعاصرة وإمكانية الإفادة منها بسلطنة عمان. دراسات عربية في التربية وعلم النفس، ١٥١(١)، 123-132.
صعيدي، أسماء يحيى. (2025). اتجاهات تبنِّي الذكاء الاصطناعي في إدارة المعرفة: دراسة تحليلية باستخدام نموذج قبول التكنولوجيا TAM في المؤسسات السعودية وفق رؤية 2030. مجلة العلوم الاقتصادية والإدارية والقانونية، ٩(6)، 69-84.
الضلعان، محمد صلال. (2024). مدى توافر الكفايات الرقمية للذكاء الاصطناعي لدى معلمي المرحلة الثانوية بمنطقة الحدود الشمالية. مجلة کلية التربية بالمنصورة، 126(1)، 661-692.
المركز الوطني للتعليم الإلكتروني. (٢٠٢٥). كفــــايات استــــخدام الذكــاء الاصطناعي في التعليم. https://nelc.gov.sa/node/3117
المراجع الأجنبية:
Aaejandro, I. M. V., Sanchez, J. M. P., Sumalinog, G. G., Mananay, J. A., Goles, C. E., & Fernandez, C. B. (2024). Pre-service teachers’ technology acceptance of artificial intelligence (AI) applications in education. STEM Education, 4(4), 445-465. https://doi.org/10.3934/steme.2024024
Acosta-Enriquez, B. G., Farroñan, E. V. R., Zapata, L. I. V., Garcia, F. S. M., Rabanal-León, H. C., Angaspilco, J. E. M., & Bocanegra, J. C. S. (2024). Acceptance of artificial intelligence in university contexts: A conceptual analysis based on UTAUT2 theory. Heliyon, 10 (19), e38315. 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38315
Al-Abdullatif, A. M. (2024). Modeling teachers’ acceptance of generative artificial intelligence use in higher education: the role of AI literacy, intelligent TPACK, and perceived trust. Education Sciences, 14(11), 1209. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14111209
Amouri, H., Haroud, S., Ouchaouka, L., & Saqri, N. (2025). Acceptability of artificial intelligence in inclusive education: a TAM2-based study among preservice teachers. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, 8, 1616327. https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2025.1616327
Ayanwale, M. A., Sanusi, I. T., Adelana, O. P., Aruleba, K. D., & Oyelere, S. S. (2022). Teachers’ readiness and intention to teach artificial intelligence in schools. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 3, 100099. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2022.100099
Ayanwale, M. A., Adelana, O. P., & Odufuwa, T. T. (2024). Exploring STEAM teachers’ trust in AI-based educational technologies: A structural equation modelling approach. Discover education, 3(1), 44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-024-00092-z
Banerjee, M., Chiew, D., Patel, K.T., Johns, I., Chappell, D., Linton, N., et al., .(2021). The impact of artificial intelligence on clinical education: Perceptions of postgraduate trainee doctors in London (UK) and recommendations for trainers. BMC Medical Education, 21(1), 429. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-021-02870-x
Cabero-Almenara, J., Palacios-Rodríguez, A., Loaiza-Aguirre, M. I., & Rivas-Manzano, M. D. R. D. (2024). Acceptance of educational artificial intelligence by teachers and its relationship with some variables and pedagogical beliefs. Education Sciences, 14(7), 740. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14070740
Chiu, T. K. (2022). School learning support for teacher technology integration from a self-determination theory perspective. Educational technology research and development, 70(3), 931-949. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-022-10096-x
Chiu, T. K., Ahmad, Z., & Çoban, M. (2024). Development and validation of teacher artificial intelligence (AI) competence self-efficacy (TAICS) scale. Education and Information Technologies, 30(5), 6667-6685. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-13094-z
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.
Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319-340. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008
Delcker, J., Heil, J., & Ifenthaler, D. (2025). Evidence-based development of an instrument for the assessment of teachers’ self-perceptions of their artificial intelligence competence. Educational technology research and development, 73(1), 115-133. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-024-10418-1
Directorate-General for Education, Youth, Sport and Culture (European Commission). (2022). Ethical guidelines on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and data in teaching and to for Educators. Publication Office of the European Union. https://doi.org/10.2766/153756
Falloon, G. (2020). From digital literacy to digital competence: the teacher digital competency (TDC) framework. Educational technology research and development, 68(5), 2449-2472. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-020-09767-4
Galindo-Domínguez, H., Delgado, N., Campo, L., & Losada, D. (2024). Relationship between teachers’ digital competence and attitudes towards artificial intelligence in education. International Journal of Educational Research, 126, 102381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2024.102381
Granić, A., & Marangunić, N. (2019). Technology acceptance model in educational context: A systematic literature review. British Journal of Educational Technology, 50(5), 2572–2593. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.12864
International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE). (2017). ISTE Standards for educators. https://www.iste.org/standards/for-educators
Kasinidou, M., Kleanthoys, S., & Otterbacher, J. (2025). Cypriot teachers’ digital skills and attitudes towards AI. Discover Education, 4(1), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-024-00390-6
Kyrpa, A., Stepanenko, O., Zinchenko, V., Datsiuk, T., Karpan, I., & Tilniak, N. (2024). Artifcial intelligence tools in teaching social and humanitarian disciplines. Information Technologies and Learning Tools, 100(2), 162–179. https://doi.org/10.33407/itlt.v100i2.5563
Lin, T., Zhang, J., & Xiong, B. (2025). Effects of Technology Perceptions, Teacher Beliefs, and AI Literacy on AI Technology Adoption in Sustainable Mathematics Education. Sustainability, 17(8), 3698. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083698
Long, D., & Magerko, B. (2020, April). What is AI literacy? Competencies and design considerations. In Proceedings of the 2020 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems (pp. 1–16). https://doi.org/10.1145/3313831.3376727
Mayrell, D. (2025). Enhancing Educator AI Literacy for Effective Use of Large Language Models: Exploring Teacher Usage and Professional Development. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Louisiana at Monroe).
Olagunju, F. B., & Charles, O. C. A. (2025). Integrating generative artificial intelligence in teacher education: Enhancing digital literacy, viewing and representing skills. IFJDX Journal Of Lacaning Technical University Natural Science Edition, 19(06), 90–99.
UNESCO. (2021). AI and education: Guidance for policy-makers. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000376705
UNESCO. (2023). Guidance for generative AI in education and research. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000386693
UNESCO. (2024). AI Competency Framework for Teachers. Paris: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000387654
Schiavo, G., Businaro, S., & Zancanaro, M. (2024). Comprehension, apprehension, and acceptance: Understanding the influence of literacy and anxiety on acceptance of artificial Intelligence. Technology in Society, 77, 102537. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2024.102537
Silagan, B. L., & Tumapon, T. T. (2025). Technological Competence, Training and Support, Attitude Towards AI, and Teachers’ Acceptance. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 36(8), 941-964. https://doi.org/10.70838/PEMJ.360809
Tondeur, J., Van Braak, J., Ertmer, P. A., & Ottenbreit-Leftwich, A. (2017). Understanding the relationship between teachers’ pedagogical beliefs and technology use in education: A systematic review of qualitative evidence. Educational technology research and development, 65(3), 555-575. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-016-9481-2
Williamson, B., & Eynon, R. (2020). Historical threads, missing links, and future directions in AI in education. Learning, Media and Technology, 45(3), 223–235. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2020.1798995
Xue, L., Ghazali, N., & Mahat, J. (2025). Artificial Intelligence (AI) Adoption among Teachers: A Systematic Review and Agenda for Future Research. International Journal of Technology in Educationm 8(3), 802-824. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijte.1191
Yang, G., Ouyang, Y., Ye, Z., Gao, R., & Zeng, Y. (2022). Social-path embedding-based transformer for graduation development prediction. Applied Intelligence, 52(12), 14119-14136. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-022-03268-y
Zhang, C., Schießl, J., Plößl, L., Hofmann, F., & Gläser-Zikuda, M. (2023). Acceptance of artifcial intelligence among pre-service teachers: A multigroup analysis. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 20(1), 49. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-023-00420-7
رومنة المراجع العربية:
Al-Dalaan, M. (2024). The extent of the availability of digital competencies for artificial intelligence among secondary school teachers in the Northern Borders Region. Journal of the Faculty of Education Mansoura, 126(1), 661-692.
Al-Hakmaniyah, S. k., Ibrahim, H. E., &Ammar, M. E. (2024). Artificial intelligence competencies among teachers in some contemporary models and the possibility of benefiting from them in the Sultanate of Oman. Arab Studies in Education and Psychology. 151(1), 123-132.
National Center for E-Learning. (2025). Competencies of Using Artificial Intelligence in Education. https://nelc.gov.sa/node/3117.
Saeede, A. Y. (2025). Trends in the Adoption of Artificial Intelligence in Knowledge Management: An Analytical Study Using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) in Saudi Organizations in Line with Vision 2030. Journal of Economic Administrative and Legal Sciences, 9(6), 69-84.